Canada Proposes Strong Borders Act to Tighten Asylum Rules and Border Security

Mark Carney campaigned on addressing "unsustainable" immigration

The Canadian government has introduced a sweeping new immigration bill aimed at curbing illegal border activity, limiting asylum claims, and giving authorities expanded powers over immigration and public safety. The proposed legislation, titled the Strong Borders Act, was unveiled by Immigration Minister Lena Diab, who said the changes are intended to combat organized crime, stem the flow of illegal drugs and weapons, and protect the integrity of Canada’s immigration system.

Among the most significant provisions of the bill is a restriction that would bar individuals who have been in Canada for over a year from filing a claim for asylum. Currently, asylum seekers can apply regardless of how long they have been in the country. Under the proposed law, those who miss the one-year window could face deportation, although a risk assessment would still be conducted to determine potential danger upon removal.

The bill also sets a strict 14-day deadline for asylum claims by individuals entering Canada from the United States under the Safe Third Country Agreement—a bilateral deal requiring refugees to seek protection in the first "safe" country they arrive in. Failure to meet this timeline would disqualify applicants from refugee consideration under normal procedures.

Another controversial component grants the government authority to halt the processing of new immigration applications entirely, citing reasons related to public health or national security. The legislation further proposes expanded police powers at the U.S.-Canada border and enhanced abilities to inspect and open mail linked to criminal investigations.

Also included are financial regulations aimed at curbing money laundering and organized crime. These would prohibit cash transactions above C$10,000 and restrict individuals from making large deposits into someone else’s bank account.

Public Safety Minister Gary Anandasangaree confirmed that the bill addresses long-standing cross-border concerns and intends to brief U.S. border official Tom Homan. While acknowledging the new legislation may influence U.S.-Canada trade talks, he emphasized that the focus is on protecting Canada’s domestic security and border integrity, not solely appeasing American interests.

The proposal arrives at a time when Canada faces mounting pressure to reduce immigration levels amid a housing shortage, overburdened public services, and growing public concern about the pace of immigration. Prime Minister Mark Carney, elected in April, campaigned on addressing what he called “unsustainable” immigration policies.

The Strong Borders Act marks a significant departure from the previous Trudeau administration, which had embraced high immigration targets to stimulate economic growth. Over the past few years, Canada has experienced a sharp increase in international students, temporary foreign workers, and asylum seekers. The backlog in asylum claims has led to wait times of up to two years for hearings.

The proposal has drawn sharp criticism from civil liberties and immigrant rights groups. Jenny Kwan, a member of parliament from the New Democratic Party, warned that the legislation should “be alarming to many Canadians,” citing concerns over privacy, civil liberties, and the criminalization of asylum seekers. The Migrant Rights Network condemned the bill as “immoral,” accusing the government of enabling mass deportations and drastically reducing refugee protections.

Despite the backlash, the government maintains that the reforms are necessary for public safety and restoring public confidence in the immigration system.